Barclays cull to clear out senior bankers

Barclays is planning to cut 820 managing director and director-level staff, of which about half are expected to come from its investment banking arm, as part of an effort to reduce costs

Hundreds of senior Barclays investment bankers and managers face being made redundant this year, along with thousands of ordinary staff, as the lender looks to cut as many as 12,000 jobs.

Barclays is planning to cut 820 managing director and director-level staff, of which about half are expected to come from its investment banking arm, as part of an effort to reduce costs across the bank.

UK-based staff will bear more than half of the overall job cuts, with Barclays set to make about 7,000 British staff redundant as it increasingly uses IT to replace jobs and accelerates the closure of branches.

At present, Barclays employs almost 140,000 staff in offices and branches across the world.

Officials from the Unite union yesterday held talks with the bank at its London headquarters to discuss the cuts, which come as the country’s other major high street banks all continue to look for further cost savings

The job losses came as Barclays said it would increase the size of the average bonus paid to its investment bankers by 10pc to £60,100, despite a 37pc fall in the division’s profits last year.

The fall was largely caused by a slowdown in trading activity in the final three months of last year, which led the investment bank to record a loss for the period of £329m.

The Institute of Directors said: “[It] cannot be right in any business for the executive bonus pool to be nearly three times bigger than the total dividend payout to the company’s owners.”

It added: “We would like to see shareholders take a more aggressive role in the governance of the bank.”

Shareholder dividends for 2013 will total £859m, compared to a total staff bonus pool for last year of £2.38bn. This equates to a dividend-to-compensation ratio of 2.77, a slight improvement on last year’s figure of 2.98, when the bank paid out £733m to its investors, but £2.17bn in bonuses.

Andrew Tyrie MP, chairman of the Treasury select committee, questioned Barclays’ decision to defer bonuses by just three years amid a push to extend deferral periods out to at least five years.

“Barclays’ bonus deferral, at three years, looks too short. Shareholders also need to make up their minds whether aggregate remuneration is justified by the return on equity,” said Mr Tyrie.

Fears over the bank’s performance led its shares to trade down more than 7pc at points during yesterday’s session, but the stock rallied to close down 2.17pc at 269.03p, valuing the lender at £43.4bn.

Among the disappointments in Barclays’ results was its continuing inability to generate a return on shareholder equity which, measured on a statutory basis, is just 1pc – while the bank’s cost of equity is put at 11.5pc.

Antony Jenkins, chief executive of Barclays, said he hoped to improve returns so that by 2016 the business would be making a return greater than its cost of equity and defended the bank’s bonuses.

“We need to recruit people from Singapore to San Francisco. We need the best people in the bank to drive long-term sustainable returns for our shareholders,” said Mr Jenkins.

“I understand that there will be some (people) who feel that this decision is the wrong one for Barclays. But it is the decision of the board and myself that this entirely is the right decision for the group and in the long-term interests of shareholders,” he said.

“At Barclays we believe in paying for performance and paying competitively. Ensuring that we have the right people in the right roles serving our customers and clients effectively in a highly competitive global environment is vital to our ability to generate sustainable shareholder returns.”

The release of the results followed two unscheduled announcements in the past two weeks of various financial figures by Barclays. Last month, the bank published a surprise update pointing to its progress on hitting its cost targets and the size of fourth-quarter charges for litigation and financial penalties.

This was followed on Monday by a second announcement following the apparent leak of sensitive financial data that forced Barclays to publish its pre-tax profit figures one day ahead of schedule, which showed it had made a statutory pre-tax profit of £2.9bn and £5.2bn after adjusting for one-off items.

Barclays is the first major British lender to report its full-year results and will be followed tomorrow by Lloyds Banking Group.

In the case of Lloyds, the bank has already published its pre-tax profits after its own unscheduled update this month where it said it had made an underlying profit for last year of £6.2bn.

Concerns were also raised over the fall in the bank’s Tier 1 core capital ratio, which fell from 9.6pc at the end of the third quarter to 9.3pc by the end of last year.

The fall was driven by larger-than-expected regulatory capital requirements and highlighted the increased capital costs the bank will face as it attempts to improve returns.

Filippo Alloatti, a senior analyst at fund manager Hermes, warned that Barclays executives faced a “conundrum”. He said:

“The much-maligned investment bank is still generating more than 60pc of group profits, helping to slowly expand its capital base and pay a dividend. However, the very same investment bank is, considering Basel [III capital] requirements and the Financial Stability Board’s mandate, limiting the strategic options for Barclays.”

Mr Jenkins said banking was going through a “100-year transformation” as technology and cost pressures reshape the industry, and he was optimistic that Barclays was well set for a “pivotal” 2014.

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Bank of England launches inquiry into forex manipulation claims

Senior currency trader says Bank officials condoned information sharing between traders under investigation

The Bank of England has launched an internal inquiry into allegations that its officials endorsed sharing of information between traders in the foreign exchange market, the central bank's deputy governor told MPs.

The inquiry will examine claims that at a meeting between Bank officials and senior currency traders last April the officials said it was permissible for traders in different banks to share information about clients' positions ahead of the setting of a benchmark rate in the foreign exchange market.

Andrew Bailey told the Treasury select committee: "The governors of the Bank have taken the claims about the meeting with the Bank's officials extremely seriously since we first heard about these allegations. Just so you know, we first heard about them in October.

"The governors immediately initiated a full review into it led by the Bank of England's legal counsel but also supported by external legal counsel and also in close collaboration with the FCA [financial conduct authority]."

Bailey, who is in charge of supervising financial firms, said the Bank had found no evidence that officials had endorsed sharing of information but added: "We do not regard that review as over."

Bloomberg News reported last week that a senior currency trader had informed the financial conduct authority that Bank staff at the April meeting had condoned information sharing. Alleged collusion in setting benchmark rates in the foreign exchange market is at the centre of allegations of market manipulation that could be as big as the Libor scandal.

Bailey said the Bank's inquiry had not yet seen the anonymous trader's notes from the meeting.

Bailey agreed with committee member Pat McFadden that if true the allegations would be "extremely damaging" to the Bank's reputation.

"I agree with you on that. That is why we have set up this investigation and this process," Bailey said. "The governors take the whole question of the reputation and integrity of the central bank extremely seriously. It's the most important thing we have."

The benchmark in question is used to price a wide variety of financial products and is the subject of regulators' attention amid allegations that traders at rival banks were sharing information about their orders from clients to manipulate the price.

A record of the April meeting released by the Bank showed it was chaired by Martin Mallett, its chief currency dealer, and included an entry entitled "extra item". The record says: "Processes around fixes. There was a brief discussion on extra levels of compliance that many bank trading desks were subject to when managing client risks around the main set-piece benchmark fixings."

Martin Wheatley, chief executive of the FCA, which is in charge of stamping out market abuse, told MPs last week that the allegations were "every bit as bad" as those surrounding Libor. Banks have been fined billions of pounds over the Libor scandal.

The meeting was between senior traders at investment banks and a subcommittee of the Bank's foreign exchange standing committee. Bloomberg was told that during a 15-minute conversation about currency benchmarks traders said they used chat rooms to match buyers and sellers ahead of the one-minute period when rates were fixed to avoid trading at a volatile time.

The officials are alleged to have said the practice might benefit markets because it made them more stable.

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Barclays hikes bonuses amid warning on jobs and fall in profits

Bonuses for investment bankers rise to £1.6bn despite fall in profits and warning of up to 12,000 job cuts this year

Barclays stoked the row over City pay on Tuesday by announcing a 32% fall in profits but a rise of 10% in the bonus pool for its 140,000 staff around the world.

Antony Jenkins, promoted to run Barclays in the wake of the £290m fine for rigging Libor, defended the decision to increase bonus payouts as he warned that between 10,000 to 12,000 jobs would be cut this year as he races to cut costs. Some 820 senior roles are to go along with 7,000 jobs in the UK.

In a move that sparked the fury of the TUC, which accused the bank of "sticking two fingers up to hard-pressed families across Britain", the bank announced it was paying bonuses of £2.4bn – up from £2.2bn a year ago – across the bank. Within that, the investment bankers enjoyed bonuses of £1.6bn compared with £1.4bn a year ago, even though the investment banking side suffered a loss in the fourth quarter and its annual profits tumbled 37%. The bank as a whole saw its profits fall to £5.2bn from £7bn.

Labour seized upon the numbers to call for a reintroduction of the bonus tax which Cathy Jamieson, shadow financial secretary to the Treasury, said "could fund a paid job for every young person out of work for 12 months or more, which they would have to take up or lose benefits".

The profit figures, announced 24 hours earlier than scheduled, on Monday, because of a fears of a leak, showed that on a statutory basis – including accounting quirks and other one-off items – the profits rose to £2.9bn. This was also the year that the bank tapped shareholders for £5.8bn.

Jenkins admitted that he only discovered the theft of confidential customer files – 2,000 names, addresses, phone numbers, passport numbers and details of personal finances – which is now the subject of regulatory scrutiny, after being informed of the loss by the Mail of Sunday. Only 300 of the 2,000 individuals affected have been contacted by the bank.

Frances O'Grady, general secretary of the TUC, said: "Today Barclays has stuck two fingers up to hard-pressed families across Britain by announcing another multi-billion pound bonus pool". In reference to the EU's cap on bonuses to 100% of salary, O'Grady added: "But rather than tackle the damaging City bonus culture, the Chancellor has been to Brussels to defend their greed".

Jenkin justified the hike in bonuses – despite his pledge to show pay restraint and waiving his own £2.75m bonus – by insisting the bank needed to pay staff in a globally competitive environment. He also insisted the bank was acting within the "spirit and letter" of the law by paying monthly role-based allowanced to key staff who might otherwise take pay cuts as a result of the bonus cap.

"We employ people from Singapore to San Francisco. We compete in global markets for talent. If we are to act in the best interests of our shareholders, we have to make sure we have the best people in the firm," Jenkins said.

"At Barclays we believe in paying for performance and paying competitively. Ensuring that we have the right people in the right roles serving our customers and clients effectively in a highly competitive global environment is vital to our ability to generate sustainable shareholder returns," he said.

"After careful consideration, we determined that an increase of £210m over the prior year in the incentive pool was required in 2013 in order to build our franchise in the long term interests of shareholders."

Even though the bank tapped shareholders for £5.8bn of fresh funds last year under instruction from the Bank of England, the average bonus per staff member was £17,000 up from £15,600 while the average investment banker received £60,100 up from £54,500.

Jenkins, who has set out to make Barclays the "go to" bank, has forced every staff member to embark on ethics training and set out eight new goals against staff will be measured in the future. One of his targets is increasing the number of senior women from 21% to 26% by 2018.

Jenkins regularly describes the changes that technology will impose on the banking industry - he is thought to believe that as many as 40,000 roles could eventually go from the 140,000 workforce - and on Tuesday described a "one in a hundred year transformation" of the industry. Half of the 7,000 of the jobs being axed in the UK have already been announced and branches are eventually expected to close.

He insisted that bonuses were down from 2010 by 32%.

The bank is fighting a £50m fine from the Financial Conduct Authority for discloses it make during the time of a crucial funding raising in 2008 but said this process had now been stayed while the Serious Fraud Office investigated.

The dividend for the year is 6.5p, the same as last year. The shares were down 2% at 269p in early trading.

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UK trade deficit narrows but manufacturing weakens

An increase in oil, chemical and aircraft exports helped the trade deficit in goods to fall by more than £2bn to £7.72bn, the ONS said. Fewer imports of aircraft and ships also boosted the figures, it said.Manufacturing output rose by 0.3% in December, less than the 0.6% predicted. The wider measure of industrial output rose by 0.4% in the month.

However, the ONS said the weaker-than-expected growth was not enough to change the estimate of GDP growth in the fourth quarter of 2013, which was 0.7%.

When services were included, the overall trade deficit narrowed to £1bn in December. This was down from a deficit of £3.6bn the month earlier and also the smallest deficit since July 2012.

'Even picture'
Despite the weaker-than-expected manufacturing figures, Lee Hopley, chief economist at the EEF manufacturers' organisation, remained upbeat.

"Manufacturers had a strong finish to 2013, but more encouraging, are the indicators we've seen since the start of the year which suggest that positive trend has rolled into the early part of 2014.

"Our expectation is that we see another quarter of 0.6% expansion in the three months to March, with a pretty even picture across sectors.

Ms Hopley added that export demand would "gather pace" through the year, and the official data would follow.

The UK's economy grew last year at its fastest pace since 2007, expanding by 1.9%.

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Barclays blasted over 'catastrophic' theft of thousands of customer files

Barclays is under scrutiny by regulators and could face a hefty fine after thousands of confidential customer files were stolen in a data breach described as catastrophic by an adviser to the business secretary, Vince Cable.

The files, containing details on 2,000 individuals including their names, addresses, phone numbers, passport numbers, mortgages and levels of savings, were allegedly sold for use in boiler-room scams, in which vulnerable savers are snared into fraudulent investments.

"This is catastrophic, just awful," the Liberal Democrat MP Tessa Munt, who is parliamentary private secretary to Cable and has campaigned on mis-selling by banks, told the Guardian. "What protections have Barclays got in place? Are the police going to pursue this, are they going to prosecute, and is someone going to go to jail for this? They should do."

"We are learning not to trust our banks and that is a pretty sad thing. It is a culture of just make money in any way and that probably breeds a contempt among those who are bankers towards those they are meant to serve."

Barclays said it would be writing to the customers concerned. The bank, which claims not all of the individuals named in the files were its customers, has begun an immediate internal inquiry and reported the theft to the police and to regulators.

The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), which can impose unlimited fines, and the information commissioner, who oversees data protection and can fine organisations up to £500,000, are looking into the matter.

"Barclays have contacted us and we will be working with them to understand exactly what has happened and what steps consumers may need to take," a spokeswoman for the FCA said.

"Consumers rightly presume their data is safe with their bank, and this should serve to remind all firms how important it is they have the correct procedures in place to ensure data is secure and used appropriately. We will continue to investigate the issue with Barclays over the coming days."

The security breach was first reported by the Mail on Sunday, which was approached by a whistleblower who claimed the files were just a sample from a haul of stolen data containing the details of 27,000 individuals. The whistleblower said he was prepared to give evidence to police, and claimed he was given the data to sell on by an unnamed firm of rogue brokers whom he worked with.

The memory stick he handed over also contained national insurance numbers, details on dependants and highly personal information on whether people had undergone surgery or were on medication. Those affected include doctors, scientists, business people, a musician and a cleaner.

They are believed to have been customers of the now defunct Barclays Financial Planning business, which was fined £7.7m in 2011 and ordered to pay up to £59m in compensation for mis-selling investment funds to more than 12,000 customers.

Like those Barclays customers affected by the mis-selling scandal, many of those whose names appear on the stolen files are elderly. The whistleblower said the information was used to scam about 1,000 people, who were persuaded to invest in rare earth metals that did not exist. Between December 2012 and September 2013, a select group of brokers at the firm concerned were given the files, which they used to cold call their victims.

These were customers who had originally sought financial advice from Barclays. As part of consultations with advisers, they filled out questionnaires about their savings, physical health and revealed their attitude to risk using psychometric tests.

"The data is a gold mine for traders because it is so incredibly detailed. It gets them inside the customer's head," said the whistleblower. He added: "This illegal trade is going on all the time in the City. I want to go public to stop it getting bigger."

He described a world in which scammers worked from so-called "spank shops", renting offices and peddling products that were either fraudulent or sold at inflated prices to unsuspecting, often elderly or inexperienced investors.

With interest rates at an all-time low since the banking collapse, people have been withdrawing their money from the comparative safety of savings accounts chasing higher returns on investments. Many of them are seen as soft targets for rogue brokers.

When investors of the firm concerned began to suspect they had been duped, the trading floor was shut. According to the whistleblower, computers were wiped, paperwork destroyed, and the desks cleaned with bleach to remove DNA traces. The whistleblower, a former commodities trader, was asked to sell on the data, which he said could fetch up to £50 a file from those operating boiler room scams.

Barclays said: "Our initial investigations suggest this is isolated to customers linked to our Barclays Financial Planning business, which we ceased operating as a service in 2011. Based on what we have seen, this appears to be data from 2008 or earlier.

"This appears to be criminal action and we will co-operate with the authorities on pursuing the perpetrator.

"We would like to reassure all of our customers that we have taken every practical measure to ensure that personal and financial details remain as safe and secure as possible."

The Information Commissioner's Office, which can fine organisations up to £500,000 for failing to protect private data, said in a statement: "It's crucial that people's personal information is properly looked after. We will be working with the Mail on Sunday this week to get further details of what has happened here, as well as working with the police."
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UK economy to grow by 2.5% this year, says NIESR

The think tank said the UK's economic recovery had become "entrenched".

The estimates are broadly in line with those of other forecasters, including the UK's Office for Budget Responsibility.

NIESR also said it expected the unemployment rate to fall below 7% before the end of the year.

Jobless figures released last month showed that the unemployment rate fell to 7.1% in the three months to November.

Last year, the Bank of England said it would consider raising interest rates from their current historic lows if the unemployment rate fell below the 7% threshold, though it has since played down expectations of rate rises in the near future.

NIESR's forecast follows similar raised UK growth forecasts from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), which are also increasingly optimistic about the UK's economic prospects.

'Remarkable performance'

Falling unemployment and rising house prices have helped to encourage consumers to spend more, fuelling the recovery.

More sluggish sectors of the economy such as construction are also now showing signs of strengthening.

But concerns remain - particularly levels of business investment, which remain low, and stagnant wage growth which means prices are continuing to rise faster than many people's salaries.

"The UK's economic recovery is entrenched," the NIESR said in a statement. "Above trend growth returned in 2013, while the remarkable performance of the labour market persists."

"We expect consumer spending to remain the key driver of recovery in 2014 and 2015, supported by continued buoyancy in the housing market."

It added that the rapid fall in unemployment seen in recent months had "raised questions over the credibility" of the Bank of England's forward guidance, which saw 7% unemployment as an important threshold.

NIESR said it was forecasting a rise in interest rates as early as the second quarter of 2015, though this is expected to be a year after the 7% threshold is breached.

The Bank of England opted to keep its benchmark interest rate unchanged at 0.5% again on Thursday. The rate has been at the historic low since March 2009.

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UK commercial property market strengthening, says British Land

Britain's second-biggest property company says there is more interest in its London office space

British Land said the UK commercial property market was strengthening with increased investment spreading from London into regional markets.

In a trading update, Britain's second-biggest property company said there was more interest in its London office space and that retailers were looking to open new stores.

Chief executive Chris Grigg said: "We have had a good third quarter and the business is performing well. Overall, the UK property market had a strong quarter with London strengthening further and domestic and international investment spreading out into the regional markets.

"From an occupational perspective, we saw increased interest in our office space in London, notably in the City. In retail, the economic recovery is having a positive impact on confidence and we continued to benefit from retailers looking to take space in the best quality locations."

The company said it had let the 30th floor of the Leadenhall Building, popularly known as the Cheesegrater, to upmarket serviced office business Servcorp. The deal is the first single-floor letting in the City block, of which British Land owns a half share.

British Land's strong trading is further evidence that the UK's once-troubled commercial property sector is recovering along with the economy. The CBI business lobby has reported economic output rising at its fastest since the early stages of the financial crisis in autumn 2007.

In the three months to the end of December, like-for-like occupancy rose 0.3 percentage points to 97.1% and the company let or renewed 386,000 sq ft of retail space. Sales totalling £405m included the Eastgate shopping centre in Basildon, Essex, which went for £89m – more than British Land's valuation.

British Land also announced it was changing its auditor – the latest big company to make the switch after political and investor pressure to make sure auditors are independent of management.

It will replace Deloitte with PwC, another member of the so-called big four accountants, on 1 April. Investor groups had criticised the company's relationship with Deloitte because of the large amount of lucrative non-audit work the firm did for British Land, creating a potential conflict of interest.

British Land shares were up 0.8% to 667p in early trading.

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