UK unemployment rate ticks up, underlines steady stance on rates

Britain's unemployment rate unexpectedly edged up in the three months to December to mark a first rise in almost a year, underlining a message from the Bank of England that it is in no rush to hike borrowing costs.
The jobless rate edged up to 7.2 percent in the three months to December compared with 7.1 percent in November, the Office for National Statistics said on Wednesday.

That was the first rise since the three months to February 2013 and was higher than the unchanged reading forecast by economists in a Reuters poll.

But the number of claimants of jobless benefits - a narrower category than those who are deemed unemployed - fell for the 15th consecutive month, while wage growth accelerated.

That suggested a mixed picture for the labour market, adding weight to last week's shift of emphasis by the central bank to a broader range of measures of slack in the economy when considering changes to monetary policy.

The BoE was forced last Wednesday to overhaul its previous forward guidance policy that hinged on a 7.0 percent unemployment rate threshold, a level almost reached in the three months to November.

It also said it was in no rush to hike rates.

The minutes from the BoE's last meeting, also released this Wednesday, showed policymakers had no disagreements about major changes to the central bank's forward guidance policy.

"(With) weaker inflation below target, the unemployment rate tantalisingly moving away from their threshold, it helps to take the pressure off the BoE for early rate increases," said Brian Hilliard, economist at Societe Generale.

Sterling fell to a session low against the dollar and the euro while gilt futures extended gains after the data.

The ONS said the number of people claiming jobless benefits fell by 27,600 in January, compared with a forecast for a decline of 20,000 in a Reuters poll.

Wage growth has lagged inflation over the last years, and the squeeze on incomes is a key battleground of next year's general election.

Average weekly earnings rose by 1.1 percent in the three months to December 2013 compared with the same period in 2012 - its highest since July last year, although still below the inflation rate.

Excluding bonuses, average weekly earnings rose by 1.0 percent by the same comparison.

The annual inflation rate was 1.9 percent in January - below the BoE's target for the first time in over four years.

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Lloyds in £1bn tax dispute with HMRC over Irish losses

Bank reveals it is in a £1bn tax dispute with HMRC over the way it has used losses from its Irish buisness to cut its tax bill

Lloyds Banking Group faces a £1bn tax demand from HMRC related to billions of pounds of loss taken in Ireland by the state-backed lender as it wound down its defunct Irish subsidiary.

The lender revealed it was warned in the second half of last year that the UK tax authorities were not happy with its treatment of Irish losses to offset its tax bill, prompting a legal dispute between Britain’s largest retail bank and HMRC.

If the case is decided in HMRC’s favour, Lloyds has said its tax bill will rise by £1bn, with the bank forced to pay a further £600m of tax, as well as write off a £400m deferred tax asset that it would currently be able to write off against future profits.

In a statement to investors the bank said: “The group does not agree with HMRC’s position and, having taken appropriate advice, does not consider that this is a case where additional tax will ultimately fall due.”

The disclosure of the tax dispute came as Lloyds published its full-year results, which showed the lender had made a pre-tax statutory profit of £415m, reversing a loss in 2012 of £606m.

On an underlying basis, which strips out provisions such as the £3.1bn set aside for payment protection insurance compensation costs, the bank made a profit of £6.2bn.

The profit is the bank’s first in three years and led Antonio Horta-Osorio, chief executive of Lloyds, to confirm he would accept a £1.7m all-share bonus for 2013. The bonus will be deferred until 2019 and will be subject to several performance hurdles linked to the future performance of the business.

As well as Mr Horta-Osorio’s own bonus, Lloyds confirmed it had put aside an overall staff bonus pool worth £395m, equating to an average payout to each of the bank’s staff of £4,500.

Sir Win Bischoff, chairman of Lloyds, said the payment of the bonuses was “proportionate and fair”, adding that the payouts at the bank were “lower than anyone else”.

In an unscheduled update this month, Lloyds pre-released its underlying profit and PPI provision figures as they differed materially from market expectations.

Mr Horta-Osorio said Lloyds had been transformed into a “normal bank”, five years on from its state-funded rescue that saw the taxpayer take a 39pc stake in the bank, since reduced to 33pc.

Lloyds is in the process of preparing a prospectus for a second sale of the state’s holding in the bank that is expected to see the Treasury authorise a further disposal of the shares within months, including a first offer of the stock to the general public.

Mr Horta-Osorio said: “We have continued to improve the bank and the price [of the shares] is substantially above the price at which the first tranche was sold in September, 75p, and the bank is ready to sell another tranche, but it is absolutely up to the UK Treasury to decide when and how to do it.”

Shares in Lloyds fell on Thursday, closing the trading session down 2.72pc at 81.26p, valuing the bank at £41.2bn. However, even at this share price the stock is well above the Treasury’s break even point of 73.6p.

As part of the continuing turnaround of the lender, Mr Horta-Osorio said work had begun on an updated strategy for the bank that will map out its objectives for the next three years. The Lloyds chief said the plans would be published before the end of the year.

“Over the last three years we have reshaped, strengthened and simplified our business to create a low-risk efficient retail and commercial bank that is focused on our customers and on helping Britain prosper. This progress has seen the Group return to statutory profit in 2013 and despite our legacy issues, further strengthen our capital position,” said Mr Horta-Osorio.

He added: “As a result we expect to apply to the regulator in the second half of the year to restart dividend payments. This will be another important milestone on our journey to rebuild trust and confidence in our Group”

Lloyds will in the summer launch the £1.5bn float its 631-branch TSB subsidiary through a listing on the London market.

However, after spending £1.6bn to create the business as part of a European Commission ordered disposal necessitated by its 2008 bailout the sale is not expected to generate a profit for the bank.

The TSB business, previously known as Project Verde, had originally been expected to be sold to the Co-op Bank, but the troubled lender was eventually forced to pull out of the deal as the extent of its own capital problems became clear.

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Barclays hikes bonuses amid warning on jobs and fall in profits

Bonuses for investment bankers rise to £1.6bn despite fall in profits and warning of up to 12,000 job cuts this year

Barclays stoked the row over City pay on Tuesday by announcing a 32% fall in profits but a rise of 10% in the bonus pool for its 140,000 staff around the world.

Antony Jenkins, promoted to run Barclays in the wake of the £290m fine for rigging Libor, defended the decision to increase bonus payouts as he warned that between 10,000 to 12,000 jobs would be cut this year as he races to cut costs. Some 820 senior roles are to go along with 7,000 jobs in the UK.

In a move that sparked the fury of the TUC, which accused the bank of "sticking two fingers up to hard-pressed families across Britain", the bank announced it was paying bonuses of £2.4bn – up from £2.2bn a year ago – across the bank. Within that, the investment bankers enjoyed bonuses of £1.6bn compared with £1.4bn a year ago, even though the investment banking side suffered a loss in the fourth quarter and its annual profits tumbled 37%. The bank as a whole saw its profits fall to £5.2bn from £7bn.

Labour seized upon the numbers to call for a reintroduction of the bonus tax which Cathy Jamieson, shadow financial secretary to the Treasury, said "could fund a paid job for every young person out of work for 12 months or more, which they would have to take up or lose benefits".

The profit figures, announced 24 hours earlier than scheduled, on Monday, because of a fears of a leak, showed that on a statutory basis – including accounting quirks and other one-off items – the profits rose to £2.9bn. This was also the year that the bank tapped shareholders for £5.8bn.

Jenkins admitted that he only discovered the theft of confidential customer files – 2,000 names, addresses, phone numbers, passport numbers and details of personal finances – which is now the subject of regulatory scrutiny, after being informed of the loss by the Mail of Sunday. Only 300 of the 2,000 individuals affected have been contacted by the bank.

Frances O'Grady, general secretary of the TUC, said: "Today Barclays has stuck two fingers up to hard-pressed families across Britain by announcing another multi-billion pound bonus pool". In reference to the EU's cap on bonuses to 100% of salary, O'Grady added: "But rather than tackle the damaging City bonus culture, the Chancellor has been to Brussels to defend their greed".

Jenkin justified the hike in bonuses – despite his pledge to show pay restraint and waiving his own £2.75m bonus – by insisting the bank needed to pay staff in a globally competitive environment. He also insisted the bank was acting within the "spirit and letter" of the law by paying monthly role-based allowanced to key staff who might otherwise take pay cuts as a result of the bonus cap.

"We employ people from Singapore to San Francisco. We compete in global markets for talent. If we are to act in the best interests of our shareholders, we have to make sure we have the best people in the firm," Jenkins said.

"At Barclays we believe in paying for performance and paying competitively. Ensuring that we have the right people in the right roles serving our customers and clients effectively in a highly competitive global environment is vital to our ability to generate sustainable shareholder returns," he said.

"After careful consideration, we determined that an increase of £210m over the prior year in the incentive pool was required in 2013 in order to build our franchise in the long term interests of shareholders."

Even though the bank tapped shareholders for £5.8bn of fresh funds last year under instruction from the Bank of England, the average bonus per staff member was £17,000 up from £15,600 while the average investment banker received £60,100 up from £54,500.

Jenkins, who has set out to make Barclays the "go to" bank, has forced every staff member to embark on ethics training and set out eight new goals against staff will be measured in the future. One of his targets is increasing the number of senior women from 21% to 26% by 2018.

Jenkins regularly describes the changes that technology will impose on the banking industry - he is thought to believe that as many as 40,000 roles could eventually go from the 140,000 workforce - and on Tuesday described a "one in a hundred year transformation" of the industry. Half of the 7,000 of the jobs being axed in the UK have already been announced and branches are eventually expected to close.

He insisted that bonuses were down from 2010 by 32%.

The bank is fighting a £50m fine from the Financial Conduct Authority for discloses it make during the time of a crucial funding raising in 2008 but said this process had now been stayed while the Serious Fraud Office investigated.

The dividend for the year is 6.5p, the same as last year. The shares were down 2% at 269p in early trading.

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UK commercial property market strengthening, says British Land

Britain's second-biggest property company says there is more interest in its London office space

British Land said the UK commercial property market was strengthening with increased investment spreading from London into regional markets.

In a trading update, Britain's second-biggest property company said there was more interest in its London office space and that retailers were looking to open new stores.

Chief executive Chris Grigg said: "We have had a good third quarter and the business is performing well. Overall, the UK property market had a strong quarter with London strengthening further and domestic and international investment spreading out into the regional markets.

"From an occupational perspective, we saw increased interest in our office space in London, notably in the City. In retail, the economic recovery is having a positive impact on confidence and we continued to benefit from retailers looking to take space in the best quality locations."

The company said it had let the 30th floor of the Leadenhall Building, popularly known as the Cheesegrater, to upmarket serviced office business Servcorp. The deal is the first single-floor letting in the City block, of which British Land owns a half share.

British Land's strong trading is further evidence that the UK's once-troubled commercial property sector is recovering along with the economy. The CBI business lobby has reported economic output rising at its fastest since the early stages of the financial crisis in autumn 2007.

In the three months to the end of December, like-for-like occupancy rose 0.3 percentage points to 97.1% and the company let or renewed 386,000 sq ft of retail space. Sales totalling £405m included the Eastgate shopping centre in Basildon, Essex, which went for £89m – more than British Land's valuation.

British Land also announced it was changing its auditor – the latest big company to make the switch after political and investor pressure to make sure auditors are independent of management.

It will replace Deloitte with PwC, another member of the so-called big four accountants, on 1 April. Investor groups had criticised the company's relationship with Deloitte because of the large amount of lucrative non-audit work the firm did for British Land, creating a potential conflict of interest.

British Land shares were up 0.8% to 667p in early trading.

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Growing economy shows Britain is on the right track, ministers say

Coalition ministers say growth figures showing economy grew by 1.9 per cent in 2013 mean that the Government's economic plan is working

New figures showing that the economy is growing at the fastest rate since the financial crisis prove Britain is on the right course, coalition ministers have declared.

George Osborne said the numbers were a “boost for the economic security of hardworking people” with manufacturing growing fastest of all.

“It is more evidence that our long term economic plan is working," the Chancellor added.

Nick Clegg said the economy is moving in the “right direction” with unemployment down and growth up. However the deputy Prime Minister also warned that future growth must be achieved “fairly” with investment in jobs outside London.

Official figures released today show the economy grew by 0.7 per cent in the last quarter of 2013. Growth last year was 1.9 per cent in all, the biggest annual expansion since 2007, when the financial crisis began.

The UK economy is still smaller than it was when the crisis struck – and many households are poorer. But figures suggest that consumers and businesses alike are increasingly confident about the future.

Danny Alexander, the Chief Secretary to the Treasury, said the figures were further evidence that “the recovery is becoming established” with 2013 becoming the first year since 2007 to see economic growth in all four quarters.

However Ed Balls, the shadow chancellor, said that the growth figures are welcome and "long overdue" but warned that the recovery is not "built to last" as business investment is "weak" and construction output down.

Announcing the figures last night Vince Cable, the Business Secretary said the figures represented a “real recovery” with business leaders speaking of a "real upsurge.”

However, he also warned that there were significant risks to a sustained recovery, particularly the housing market.

In a speech to the Royal Economics Society at the Bank of England Mr Cable said: “There has been a positive change in economic sentiment over the last six months or so. A real recovery is taking place,” Mr Cable said on Monday night.

He added: “Despite a fall in real earnings, consumers have had the confidence to start spending again – dipping into their savings held for a rainy day and making use of rising house prices, at least in London and the South East, to borrow more easily,” he said. Improved jobs prospects have also “probably” helped boost the economy.

Joe Grice, chief economist at the Office for National Statistics said: ““We have now seen four successive quarters of significant growth and the economy does seem to be improving more consistently.

“Today's estimate suggests over four fifths of the fall in GDP during the recession has been recovered, although it still remains 1.3 per cent below the pre-recession peak.”

The CBI, Britain’s biggest business lobby, also said that more British companies are seeing their sales grow than at any time since the crisis began.

“A picture is unfolding of a real upsurge in output across much of the UK economy,” said Katja Hall, the CBI’s chief policy director.

“Many firms in many sectors are feeling brighter about their prospects than they have for a long time, showing the recovery is gaining traction. While some risks remain, we expect the economy to continue to strengthen through 2014.”

John Longworth, the director general of the British Chambers of Commerce said that businesses across Britain are growing more "bullish" about their prospects.

He said: "Many companies are accelerating their pace for the first time in years, with others saying they're set to do the same. Our surveys now consistently show business confidence levels not seen for decades."

The figures from the Office for National Statistics and the CBI data are the latest signs that the UK economy is on the rebound.

Last week, the International Monetary Fund upgraded its forecast for UK growth by the biggest margin of any economy. It now expects the UK to grow by 2.4pc in 2014, in line with the Office for Budget Responsibility, the Government’s fiscal watchdog.

Conservative and Liberal Democrat ministers alike are keen to take credit for the recovery, claiming it vindicates Coalition economic policies.

However, there are still fears that the recovery will not last because it is too heavily reliant on consumer spending and rising house prices, while business investment remains subdued.

“Despite these encouraging signs, the shape of the recovery so far has not been all we might have hoped for,” Mr Cable said.

Echoing Sir Winston Churchill in 1942, he suggested that the UK economy is now at “the end of the beginning rather than the beginning of the end.”

The ONS figures show that output in the service sector – which makes up more than three quarters of GDP – rose by 0.8 per cent in the fourth quarter, maintaining its pace from the previous months.

But industrial output growth slowed to 0.7 percent from 0.8 per cent and construction – which accounts for less than 8 percent of GDP – fell by 0.3 per cent.

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UK pay squeeze worst for public sector and manufacturing

Workers in Britain's public sector are £23 a month worse off than a year earlier in real terms

The squeeze on real wages for UK workers has been toughest for those in public sector jobs and manufacturing, according to new figures.

Workers in Britain's public sector are £23 a month worse off than a year earlier in real terms, according to VocaLink, the company processing salary payments for much of the British workforce.

The figures show a divide between sectors when it comes to who is worst affected by the failure of average pay growth to keep pace with inflation.

Public sector workers' take-home pay in real terms – adjusted for inflation – was down an annual 1.4% during the three months to the end of December. That was a slightly softer pace of decline than the 1.8% drop in the three months to November. In comparison, annual real wages grew in the services sector, albeit by just 0.5%.

Real take-home pay in the manufacturing sector fell again in December but at a slower pace. The annual decline was 1.1%, after a 1.6% fall in the three months to the end of November.

David Yates, VocaLink chief executive, said: "When taking into account inflation, thousands are worse off in comparison to salaries 12 months ago. The experiences of those in the public sector come in stark contrast to above-inflation wage increases in the services sector."

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Bank customers unable to calculate overdraft fees, Which? research finds

Call to force banks to make it easier to compare overdraft fees and other current account charges

Bank customers have no idea how to calculate overdraft charges, according to research by consumer body Which?. It is now calling on the government to force banks to make it easier to compare current account fees.

Which? asked a group of bank customers to work out the total cost of using an unauthorised overdraft at each of the 12 biggest banks. Despite being given access to all the banks' websites, few of those tested could correctly calculate the true cost of going overdrawn once interest and other fixed charges were added to any daily fees or penalties for unpaid transactions.

Across the group of customers tested, just 10 of the 72 calculations were made correctly. A principal inspector of taxes was right on only one of four calculations, while a retired headteacher got all his answers wrong. Only six of the 18 volunteers thought that a typical consumer would be able to compare the charges.

Which? executive director Richard Lloyd said true charging transparency would encourage more people to switch accounts.

"Consumers are faced with a myriad of complicated charges for using an unauthorised overdraft, and it's virtually impossible for people to calculate and compare the cost of running a current account. To boost competition we want the government to make banks release data about how customers use their accounts so it's easier for them to work out charges and rank providers by cost."

Which? says this data could be used to develop comparison tools that would allow consumers to rank providers according to their financial situation.

British Bankers' Association's director Eric Leenders played down the Which? findings, saying the banks already help customers to compare account charges.

"All the major banks also make information about customers' current account use available to them in a downloadable format as required by the government's initiative to encourage transparency."

He said overdraft charges have plummeted since 2008, with estimated consumer savings of up to £928m over the past five years.

Earlier this week it emerged that more than 300,000 people switched current accounts in the final three months of 2013, up 17% on a year earlier.

The Payments Council, the body responsible for payment services which published the numbers, said it marked an "encouraging start" for its seven-day account switching service, which was launched in September. However, Which? has reported that two-thirds of people who moved accounts had problems, while more than a quarter said it took eight working days or more.

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Bank of England holds cards close to chest on guidance options

 The Bank of England kept investors guessing on Thursday as to whether it might be considering a change to its pledge to keep interest rates on hold as Britain's economic recovery picks up.

It also did not take the unusual step - but one which some investors had considered possible - of issuing a statement to address the speed at which Britain's unemployment rate is falling towards its threshold for considering a rate hike.

"No guidance on guidance yet," Investec economist Philip Shaw said in a note to clients. He said details of discussions among the BoE's policymakers on their options for changing guidance were likely to appear when minutes of this week's meeting are published on January 22.

Britain moved from being a laggard to a leader in terms of growth among the world's biggest economies last year.

Its economy is expanding by more than 3 percent in annualised terms although there are concerns the recovery could prove unsustainable, especially as wage growth remains weak.

The BoE said in August it will not think about raising rates until unemployment falls to 7 percent. Since then unemployment has come down much faster than the Bank expected, raising questions about how long it can hold off on raising rates.

But inflation has also fallen to within a whisker of its 2 percent target, reducing the pressure on the BoE.

After its two-day meeting, the Bank's Monetary Policy Committee kept interest rates at 0.5 percent, as expected by all the economists who took part in a Reuters poll.

It also left its bond-buying programme unchanged at 375 billion pounds.

The turnaround in Britain's economy contrasts with the situation in the euro zone, its main trading partner, where the European Central Bank is expected to use a news conference on Thursday to remind investors it could ease policy further.

The pace of Britain's recovery has helped the pound to strengthen by 5 percent against the euro and 10 percent against the dollar since the middle of last year.

Sterling strengthened briefly against the dollar after the MPC's announcement of no change in policy. British government bond prices rose slightly.

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RBS risk fuelling pay row as it considers how to avoid EU bonus cap

Bank which is 81% owned by taxpayers is keen to keep pace with Barclays and HSBC, which plan to hand out 'allowances'

Royal Bank of Scotland risks fuelling the row over pay as it considers how to follow rivals that have devised ways to avoid the EU bonus cap and maintain their bankers' multimillion-pound pay cheques.

The 81%-taxpayer-owned bank is keen to keep pace with rivals such as Barclays and HSBC, which are both planning to hand out new allowances, which are not classed as salary and therefore do not get included in the calculations used in the bonus cap. They have been introduced to ensure bankers do suffer any reduction in pay as a result of the bonus cap being imposed by Brussels.

Data published by the European Banking Authority last year showed that the average banker based in London received a bonus of 370% times their salary – indicating the impact that the bonus cap would have on pay.

Labour on Wednesday blew open the debate on the bonus cap, which came into effect at the beginning of this year and which George Osborne opposes. The cap limits the bonuses of the most senior bankers to 100% of their salary, unless the bank that employs them wins specific approval from its shareholders to pay bonuses of 200%. Labour called on the government to clamp down on bonuses at the loss-making, bailed-out bank and use its 81% stake to ensure that none of the RBS bankers will get 200% bonuses.

RBS admitted on Wednesday night it was consulting shareholders about pay, but insisted no decisions had yet been made.

All the major banks are expected to ask their shareholders for permission to pay bonuses twice the size of their top bankers' salaries at their upcoming annual general meetings. They are also looking at ways to pay their staff even more by making payments in addition to their salaries.

HSBC, for instance, is ready to hand out share awards to 1,000 or so of its more senior staff alongside their salaries and annual bonuses. Barclays also intends to hand its investment bankers monthly allowances to maintain their overall level of pay.

The other bailed-out bank, Lloyds Banking Group, is also expected to seek approval to pay out bonuses of twice salaries and look at ways of maintaining pay levels by using some form of additional payment. Such a move would also require approval from UK Financial Investments, the body that controls the taxpayer's stake in the bailed-out banks and still owns 33% of the shares after selling off a tranche last year.

Vince Cable, the business secretary, called on RBS to show restraint and urged it to consider the business models used by other banks that do not pay bonuses. He cited the Swedish bank Handelsbanken, which does not pay bonuses and instead uses a profit-sharing system called Oktogonen, which pays out when individuals turn 60.

"What I would say to RBS is they need to show restraint. They are changing their overall banking strategy. Instead of being a global bank aimed at investment banking they're now thinking about being a British bank aimed at British customers and British business. They should look at other models like Handelsbanken, in Sweden, which is very successful and has branches in Britain and doesn't have any bonuses at all," Cable told ITV.

Handelsbanken's UK offshoot has been unable to make Oktogonen allocations to staff for the past three years because of a dispute with HM Revenue & Customs about whether it is disguised remuneration – pay that is not being taxed.

The business secretary insisted that the government had not yet seen any proposals from RBS about its plans to tackle the bonus cap and referred to remarks by David Cameron warning about the bonus rules leading to increases in salaries to allow staff to receive the same amount of money.

"I think that's a legitimate concern that we can take into account,' Cable said.

"Most banks will be trying to get the cap lifted to 200%," said Greg Campbell, employment partner at the law firm Mishcon de Reya. Campbell said there had already been major changes to pay, when in the past bonuses across the City might have been as large as 10 times salary.

Azure Global’s vision is to be widely recognized as a reputed firm of financial business advisors, achieving real growth for ambitious companies and to become the first choice for F&A outsourcing for accountancy practices and businesses alike for more info visit our site Azure Global and join us also On Facebook

Tackling your tax return: the pain-free guide

The deadline for filing is less than three weeks away – yet 40% of those in HMRC's sights have yet to fill in their tax return. We look at how to ease the pain

This weekend, thousands of people will be digging out their P60 certificate, bank documents and various other bits of financial paperwork after reluctantly concluding that they can't put off doing their tax form any longer.

Around four million people have not yet filed their self-assessment taxreturn – and the 31 January deadline is looming. By midnight on that date, you need to have filled in your form and returned it to HM Revenue & Customs, together with payment for any tax you owe for the 2012-13 financial year.

In all, more than 10 million people are due to file a return by the end of this month, and HMRC is currently receiving about 80,000 completed returns per day. Some of these are from people new to self-assessment or who haven't filled in a form for years, but have now been dragged back into the regime because of the new rules on child benefit that affect those earning more than £50,000 a year.

Even if you don't owe tax, you can't escape a fine if you miss the deadline. If your name is down to do a return and you are late, you will automatically be hit with a £100 penalty. There are additional penalties if you keep delaying, which could add up to £1,600.

You are too late to file a paper return now – you can only do so online. To send an online tax return you must be registered for HMRC online services, and that involves getting an "activation code" by post, which will take a few days to arrive. HMRC says that if you register by 21 January you should be able to meet the deadline for filing 10 days later.

Here, we round up some of the top tips for filling in your form, highlight the common mistakes and identify some of the things you may be able to claim for. We also look at how you may be able to free yourself from the annual chore of filling in a tax form.The form includes new boxes asking how much child benefit you received between 7 January and 5 April last year, and how many children you have. If you claimed the benefit between those two dates, you'll have received £263 for one child, £438 for two, and £612 for three.

The high income tax charge is 1% of the amount of child benefit for each £100 of income between £50,000 and £60,000, and it is based on your "adjusted net income", which is your total taxable income (ie, basic salary, plus any benefits such as a company car, plus any savings, dividend or rental income), minus things such as pension contributions and charitable giving. In other words, people can deduct the money they contribute to their pension from their headline salary, and in many cases this will be several thousand pounds per year – which may be enough to take them below the vital £50,000 threshold.

This means there are likely to be quite a few parents earning more than £50,000 – perhaps £53,000-£54,000, or even more in some cases – who, unbeknown to them, can continue to claim child benefit without having it clawed back later. There is a calculator you can use atgov.uk/child-benefit-tax-calculator

Azure Global’s vision is to be widely recognized as a reputed firm of financial business advisors, achieving real growth for ambitious companies and to become the first choice for F&A outsourcing for accountancy practices and businesses alike for more info visit our site Azure Global and join us also On Facebook

Standard Chartered: shock departure of finance director Richard Meddings

Standard Chartered stunned the City when it announced the departure of its longstanding finance director Richard Meddings – previously considered a candidate for chief executive – and embarked on sweeping changes to its operations around the world.

Chief executive Peter Sands announced plans to merge the wholesale and consumer divisions in an attempt to energise the emerging markets bank, which is suffering its first profits slump in a decade. The move is likely to lead to job cuts.

He was forced to insist "I'm not going anywhere" after the departures and promoted the current boss of the wholesale division – Mike Rees – to become his deputy. Chairman Sir John Peace also had no plans to leave, said Sands.

One of the highest paid bankers in the industry after receiving nearly £35m in the past four years, Rees was immediately seen as the heir apparent to Sands, appearing to have usurped Meddings, previously regarded as the natural successor.

Amid concerns about the bank's financial strength the shares fell to their lowest level since it paid £415m to settle money laundering allegations in the US just over a year ago, though they recovered some of their losses to end the day down 2% at £12.83 after Sands insisted the bank was comfortable with its capital position.

Sands and Meddings, who insisted the decision to go was his own and taken in the Christmas holidays, had been credited with steering the bank through the financial crisis relatively unscathed until 2012's money laundering scandal in the US.

"It was totally my decision to leave," said Meddings, often a candidate on lists drawn up for top jobs at rivals. "After 11 years on the board of this bank and seven years as finance director it seems a natural time to step away," he added.

The bank was facing questions about the decision to keep paying Meddings his £800,000 salary until next year, as well as a potential bonus, even though he will leave in June. The 55-year-old is also walking away with unvested shares currently worth about £8m but whose actual value will only be known when they pay out over the next three years. Meddings' pension pot is likely to reach £7m by the time his 12-month contract expires next year.

Meddings had been caught up in the money laundering scandal when remarks by an unnamed bank official to a US colleague – "You fucking Americans" – were said have come from him.

Also leaving is Singapore-based Steve Bertamini, head of the consumer division, whose role is "falling away" according to Sands. Bertamini was hired in 2008 and the last £900,000 instalment of his signing-on fee will be paid in May – two months after he leaves the board. He will have his relocation to the US paid for by the bank, receive his £600,000 salary until this time next year and take away with him unvested shares worth £6m at current market values, although that value is subject to change .

Sands described both departing executives as "outstanding leaders" and "good friends" who would be missed. He said neither was receiving any form of payoff.

Last year it emerged regulators had required Meddings to be stripped of responsibility for the risk functions at the bank and Sandy Chen, analyst at Cenkos, said: "FD Meddings' departure is key – his position had already begun to erode at the end of last year, with risk oversight transferred from him to Peter Sands." Chen said later his concerns had been allayed and he had been reassured that further management changes were not on the way and that the bank could generate enough capital. Sands – chief executive since November 2006 – sought to quash speculation about a boardroom rift. "We remain very comfortable with our capital position and have no plans [for a rights issue of new stock]. We have a unified board which is fully behind the strategy".

Meddings said he had not decided what to do next and quipped he might consider financial journalism.

One investor said: "It's not an ideal world having a finance director leaving without a replacement".

There was speculation that Naguib Kheraj, one-time Barclays finance director and a non-executive at Standard Chartered, might be a candidate while head of strategy Anna Marrs was also cited by some.

Rees' salary will rise to £975,000 pounds from £735,000 in April although his earnings potential fall by 40%.

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UK economy: Unemployment figures explained by ONS

The answers lie with the Labour Force Survey, the huge continuous survey that ONS uses to measure unemployment (along with employment and economic inactivity).

The unemployment figures use an internationally-agreed definition.

To count as unemployed, people have to say they are not working, are available for work and have either looked for work in the past four weeks or are waiting to start a new job they have already obtained. Someone who is out of work but doesn't meet these criteria counts as "economically inactive".

Each quarter the LFS covers 100,000 people in 40,000 households chosen randomly by postcode. That's about one in 600 of the total population.

The results are then weighted to give an estimate that reflects the entire population. Our survey has a very large sample size compared, for example, with opinion polls, which often sample around 1,000 people

Even so, in any survey there is always a margin of uncertainty, in this case around plus or minus 3% for the unemployment level.People sometimes ask why ONS doesn't increase the sample size to give monthly figures.Put simply, it's a matter of resources. Surveys on this scale take a great deal of work. The cost of doing it on a monthly basis was estimated as at least £7 million a year back in the mid-1990s. So a rolling three-monthly survey remains the best solution for efficiently producing accurate yet manageable data.Obviously it's possible to look at the number of people unemployed, for example, in January-March and compare that with the February-April figure to see what the change is. But it wouldn't be a good idea: the February and March data are in both sides of the comparison, so effectively you're looking at January compared with April.Quite apart from the smaller sample involved, the sample frame wasn't really designed for a monthly survey.Prior to 1998, the LFS results were only published once a quarter, and the sample frame was designed around this. The country was divided into 212 interviewer areas, each of which is subdivided into 13 weekly 'stints', each randomly allocated across one of the 13 weeks of the quarter.So while this means that across the entire three months we can be sure that the sample in each interviewer area is representative of the area as a whole, we would not necessarily expect it to be so with just one month's worth of interviews.ONS has in fact been publishing some single-month LFS employment, unemployment and inactivity estimates on our website since 2004.We did this in response to user requests for more information about the reasons behind movements in the three-month rolling figures. However, the monthly series are more volatile than the three-month ones - for the reasons noted - and so these are not of the quality to be designated National Statistics.The other measure of joblessness - the claimant count - is published for each single month. It doesn't suffer from the limitations of sample size and sampling frame, because it derives from the numbers of Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA) claimants recorded by Jobcentre Plus, so a monthly figure is possible right down to local level.But because many people who are out of work won't be eligible for JSA, it's a narrower measure than unemployment, typically about 1.5 million people recently, compared with about 2.5 million for unemployment.Azure Global’s vision is to be widely recognized as a reputed firm of financial business advisors, achieving real growth for ambitious companies and to become the first choice for F&A outsourcing for accountancy practices and businesses alike for more info visit our site Azure Global and join us also On Facebook

Bank of England switches to plastic pound notes with Churchill fiver

Introduction of polymer £5 note in 2016 and Jane Austen £10 note in 2017 will end 320 years of paper money

Mark Carney, the governor of the Bank of England, has formally announced that Britain will switch to using plastic banknotes in 2016, ending 320 years of paper money.

After a public consultation in which 87% of the 13,000 respondents backed the new-style currency, the Bank said it would introduce "polymer" notes, as it prefers to call them, in two years' time, starting with the new £5 note featuring Winston Churchill in 2016 and the Jane Austen £10 a year later.

Speaking at a press conference in the Bank's Threadneedle Street headquarters, Carney said: "Our polymer notes will combine the best of progress and tradition. They will be more secure from counterfeiting and more resistant to damage while celebrating the history and tradition that is important both to the Bank and the nation as a whole."

The move follows Carney's native Canada, where plastic notes are being rolled out, and Australia, where they have been in circulation for more than two decades.

Carney launched a public consultation on polymer banknotes, seen as cleaner and more durable, shortly after arriving at the Bank this summer. However, the Bank's notes division has been considering plastic money for several years.

Bank officials have been touring shopping centres and business groups around the country with prototype notes to canvas public opinion.

The Bank has promoted its polymer notes, featuring a see-through window and other new security features, as less threadbare and tougher to counterfeit.

It has sought to quell concerns about the environmental impact of printing on plastic by suggesting they can last up to two-and-a-half times longer than the cotton-paper notes in circulation at the moment. The durability will also compensate for the higher production costs and save an estimated £100m, the Bank claims.

Its laboratory tests showed polymer banknotes only begin to shrink and melt at 120C, so they would fare better in washing machines but could be damaged by a hot iron.

Carney has also announced that the Bank will follow new procedures when selecting the historical characters to appear on future notes, to avoid the furore it faced earlier this year, when the announcement of the Churchill £5 note appeared to suggest that no women – other than the Queen – would feature on any denomination.

A new advisory committee, with a majority of independent members, will now suggest a theme – such as scientific achievement – and the public will be invited to suggest specific figures for inclusion. However, the governor will retain the final decision over which person is featured.

"These changes will ensure that the characters on our banknotes are fully representative of the history and diversity of this great nation, while having the necessary public respect and legitimacy."

The move is the latest in a long line of changes for banknotes, first issued in return for deposits by the Bank when it was first established in 1694 to raise money for William III's war against France.

Colour £5 notes replaced white ones in the 1950s; the first portrayal of a monarch came in 1960, when the Queen appeared on a new £1 note; and the introduction of historical figures such as William Shakespeare started in the 1970s.

As part of the preparation for this latest change, banknote officials have already been working with retailers and the operators of vending machines and cashpoints.

Link, which runs the UK cash machine network, said its machines would need new cassettes to hold the plastic notes, because they will be smaller, and not because of the change in material.

The 15% reduction in size for Churchill notes compared with the current Elizabeth Fry fiver brings English notes into line with sizes in other countries. But they will remain larger than existing euro notes and the different denominations of sterling will retain tiered sizes to help blind people differentiate between them.

The Bank concedes no note is counterfeit-proof but says copying the new polymer notes will be slower and more expensive.

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